Subaru is a car manufacturer of Japan, born in 1956 and forming part of Fuji Heavy Industries.
Summary [masquer]
1 Origin of name
2 History
2.1 Beginning of the mark
2.2 Major Shareholders
2.3 Marketing efforts
2.4 Motorsport
2.4.1 Rally
2.4.2 Formula 1
2.5 Diesel
3 Product features
4 Environment
5 Subaru Models
5.1 old models
5.2 Current models
6 External Link
[Edit] Origin of name
Subaru is the name of a star cluster in the constellation of Taurus called Pleiades. Six of the stars of this cluster are visible to the naked eye but about 250 can be distinguished with a telescope. The first president of the “Fuji Heavy Industries, Kenji Kita, had the idea to call this car brand new because Subaru Fuji Heavy Industries has purchased six of the twelve companies of the Nakajima Aircraft at its dissolution. Kita came through the name Subaru the ideal symbol to express the unification of these six companies in Fuji Heavy company.
[Edit] History
Subaru is a full-fledged division of the Japanese company Fuji Heavy Industries. In 2005, General Motors, which owned 20% of the capital, a renvendu its shares to Toyota, which now owns 16.5% of Fuji Heavy Industries.
In February 1954, Fuji Heavy Industries announced a prototype car called P1, named 1500 Subaru the following year at its launch. The car was equipped with the first monocoque structure in Japan. The 1500 combined qualities but unfortunately the sales have been suspended because of difficulties in the supply of equipment and mainly because of deficiencies in the distribution network. Nevertheless, it provided an excellent basis for developing the following years (from 1956) of 360 and 1000. This year has been the starting point of the Subaru brand.
1953: Establishment of Fuji Heavy Industries, parent of Subaru industry.
1956: Creation of the Subaru brand.
1958: Release of the first model Subaru, the Subaru 360.
1965: Release of the Subaru in 1000, first model with the boxer engine and the first Japanese car with front-wheel manufactured in large series.
1968: Foundation of Subaru of America, the top exports to the United States.
1972: Subaru became the holder to drive 3 differentials. The four-wheel drive become a point in terms of active safety.
1990: Subaru rally returned to the Legacy.
1992: Subaru launches in Europe a new car, the Impreza. Many models were available with engines from 1.6 L, 1.8 L and 2 liters, and the choice of a conventional transmission to the front wheels (traction) or a permanent transfer to all four wheels (full) .
[Edit] Start of the mark
[Edit] Major Shareholders
[Edit] Marketing efforts
[Edit] Motorsport
[Edit] Rally
The Subaru Legacy competition at Rally 1990 to 1993
Entrat Subaru rally in 1990 with the Subaru Legacy, the year following the launch of this car. The first race that was participated Legacy Safari Rally, five in group A and group N. unedans Already with this competition, Suabru finished 6th and 8th in Group A and N. Thereafter, Subaru finished eight times in a row in the first group N. In 1991, Suabru terminat 3rd rally in Sweden. In 1992, she took the 2nd place in Rally of Sweden and 2nd and 6th at the British Rally. And in 1993, the Legacy will avoirla 1 place to New Zealand. The history of the Impreza in the rally began in 1994. With a shorter wheelbase, less lumpish, and with the same engine as the Legacy, alertness and agility are sharply up from its predecessor. Participation in world championship imposed to market at least 2 500 copies of a vehicle to qualify for this competition. In other words, Subaru has developed a real racing car available to any single driver: 4-cylinder turbocharged flat, 2-liter engine, 16 valves and a drive (50/50) permanent. A myth was born because of the particular motor dish called “boxer”.
GT Turbo (1994-2000): At this time the sport is called GT Turbo. In 1994 it has 211 hp at 6 000 rpm and 27m.kg at 4 800 r / min for an empty weight of 235 kg 1. Rageur engine, low center of gravity, full transmission are the three weapons that have helped Subaru to win the title three times with his Impreza manufacturer in 1995, 1996 and 1997 and three times on a pilot basis in 1995 (Colin McRae), 2001 ( Richard Burns) and 2003 (Petter Solberg). The success of Subaru in rallies have an impact on sales of the Impreza, which represent over 50% of sales of Subaru.
Between 1994 and 2000 engine will undergo changes in 1999 will power to 217 hp at 5 600 rpm and a torque of 29.7 m.kg at 4 000 rpm. With this model that Subaru has enabled these happy customers to feel at the wheel of the Impreza WRC rally. Not content to propose an efficient car, Subaru also offers a price / performance détonnant (155 000 FRF of the day a car can break down the 1 000 meters in less than 27 seconds). The GT Turbo was not without its faults, its sub-toner particular has long been decried. Subaru in 2000 decided to stop production of the GT Turbo and built a completely new model, the WRX.
The WRX:
1 st generation of the Subaru Impreza at a competition in 1996.
2006 Subaru Impreza WRX
In October 2000, launched the Subaru WRX. Changes since the GT Turbo is designed to improve its accreditation and its effectiveness and to resolve the problem in turn.
- Engine: the engine flat (H4) 2-liter turbo is retained but in order to meet the Euro 3 pollution control, this engine has been reworked. Turbo and air exchanger / air have increased their proportions (1 hp extra 2nm are earned, 218 DIN hp and 29.6 Nm, which is a small gain due to the addition of a third catalyst ).
- Chassis / bodywork redesigned, increasing the length of 6 cm and width of 4 cm (four-door version). The weight increases by 120 kg compared to the GT Turbo is 1 365 kg due to the increase in size of the car first, but also because of the increased stiffness of the hull which increased by 185% in bending and 250% in torsion.
In summary the WRX is more rigorous road (the sub-toner has disappeared) and the flat has won four in availability at low speed and discretion. Unfortunately for some brutal if endearing character was also removed …
[Edit] Formula 1
In 1990, Subaru, who has taken 51% stake in the team Coloni wishes to engage in Formula 1 to demonstrate its know-how in high-level competition. However, not being able to develop an F1 engine early in the championship, it outsources to a flat 12 Motori Moderni pending to develop its own V12 for the current season. After the first disastrous results (eight non-qualifying in as many GP), Subaru, conscious of being misled and not wanting to ruin his reputation sport, abandoned the project.
Subaru F12 (1990)
Flat 12-cylinder to 180 °
4 overhead camshafts
5 valves per cylinder
direct injection.
Capacity: 3 500 cm ³
Length: 668 mm
Team who run a Subaru: Coloni (1990)
[Edit] Diesel
[Edit] Product features
The Subaru stand out from other cars in their original powertrain. The Subaru are mostly driven by engines “boxer”, the cylinders are horizontally opposed, four or six cylinders, placed in an ambiguous position before (in front of the front wheels) and connected to a drive to take constant . The manual models have a center differential with visco-coupler so that the system of automatic transmission consists of a multi-clutch electronically controlled.
Long associated with an image rather dull, because of the first models renowned for their durability and for their performance, the Subaru project a different image through the numerous victories of the mark in World Rally Championship. The Subaru sold in Europe and North America are equipped with AWD, the brand of specialty since the 1970s. Many engines in the range are equipped with turbocharged engines.
[Edit] Environment
[Edit] Subaru Models
[Edit] Former Models
Subaru 360, the first model of the mark, mini car
Subaru Leone estate, cut, break and break elevated sold in the 1980s, initiated the success of Subaru in the United States
Subaru Alcyone / XT Coupe equipped with a turbocharged 4 cylinder boxer sold since 1985. replaced by the SVX
Subaru Alcyone / SVX, cut with a 6-cylinder engine flat sold in the 1990s
Subaru Vivio, Erlangen
Subaru Justy G3X, cousin of the Suzuki Ignis, manufactured in Hungary. Production stopped in 2006
Sambar Subaru, microvan of 3.52 m equipped with a 3-cylinder 1.1 L. Known as French Vanilla or Libero in Germany
Subaru Wagon 4WD or Subaru Domingo in Japan
Subaru Baja, half pickup, half sedan, based on the platform of the Outback II (Legacy) with a sport suspension, sometimes a turbo engine, a gearbox séquenciel and an expandable pickup dump inside the cockpit
Subaru Traviq, compact, twin of the first generation of the Opel Zafira, distributed only to Japan
[Edit] Current models
Subaru R1/R2, citadines (keijidosha) born in 2004 and 2003, only sold in Japan and some countries of East Asia
Subaru pleo, Erlangen launched in 1998, only sold in Japan
Subaru Stella, keijidosha launched in 2006, sold only in Japan
Subaru Sambar, akin to the old Vanilla Subaru only sold in Japan
Subaru Justy, a small car launched in 2007, cousin of the Daihatsu Sirion, called Daihatsu Boon or Toyota Passo in Japan
Subaru Dex, small car launched in Japan in November 2008. This is a Toyota and Daihatsu Coo bB (Materia in Europe) rebadgée.
Subaru Impreza, compact sedan, the model used in the WRC. Last renewal: Fall 2007
Subaru Exiga, break family 7 seater, 4.74 m long and launched in Japan in June 2008.
Subaru Legacy, available in model family break and break any way (then called “Outback”). Last generation presented at New York in April 2009.
Subaru Outback, all alternative ways of break-the Legacy
Subaru Forester, Any way renewed in 2008
Subaru B9 Tribeca, SUV large priority for the United States and Canada but also distributed in Europe. Restyled in late 2007 and then renamed simply Tribeca
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